Long COVID: presentation

General
[https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2771581 Long-term Health Consequences of COVID-19. del Rio C, Collins LF, Malani P. JAMA. 2020;324(17):1723–1724. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.19719]

Report: What Does COVID-19 Recovery Actually Look Like? Other version: [https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/1KmLkOArlJem-PArnBMbSp-S_E3OozD47UzvRG4qM5Yk/mobilebasic?fbclid=IwAR2stV3rKaXkTm5nLzKR4xSMxJg1rTPg4xexWPOkKoYzts_Amvl-ilTORZY#h.qiq796jt7uug Assaf G. et al. (11 May 2020) '''What Does COVID-19 Recovery Actually Look Like? An Analysis of the Prolonged COVID-19 Symptoms Survey by Patient-Led Research Team'''. COVID-19 Body Politics Slack]

[https://dig.abclocal.go.com/wls/documents/2020/072720-wls-covid-symptom-study-doc.pdf Lambert, N. J. & Survivor Corps. COVID-19 “Long Hauler” Symptoms Survey Report.]

Bishof, K. (2020) COVID-19 Confirmed Case Long-hauler Survey, 1,700 Respondents.

Roberts M. et al. (1 May 2020) Covid-19: a complex multisystem clinical syndrome. BMJ Opinion.

[https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2768351 Carfì A. et al. (9 July 2020) Persistent Symptoms in Patients After Acute COVID-19. JAMA. 2020;324(6):603-605. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12603]

Attributes and predictors of Long-COVID: analysis of COVID cases and their symptoms collected by the Covid Symptoms Study App Sudre et al medRxiv 2020.10.19.20214494 doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.19.20214494

Prevalence
Mandal S, Barnett J, Brill SE, et al‘Long-COVID’: a cross-sectional study of persisting symptoms, biomarker and imaging abnormalities following hospitalisation for COVID-19 Thorax Published Online First: 10 November 2020. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215818

Tanner C. (12 August 2020) ‘Long haul’ Covid: With almost 600,000 UK sufferers, the professor studying post-Covid syndrome tells us what we know so far. iNews

DutchNews (12 June 2020) Coronavirus takes ‘shocking’ toll on health: patient survey DutchNews

Dutch Lung foundation (2020) Dutch Lung foundation: Health of Corona patients at home in alarmingly poor health even after months. Publication, based on an Interview with Longfonds Director, Michael Rutgers.

Bishof, K. (2020) COVID-19 Suspected & confirmed cases - no length requirements, 700 respondents.

Diagnosis
A diagnosis of COVID-19 can either be done on a clinical basis, or through positive laboratory findings.

'WHO COVID-19: Case Definitions'

'ICD-10: The International Classification of Diseases' U07.2 COVID-19, virus not identified Use this code when COVID-19 is diagnosed clinically or epidemiologically but laboratory testing is inconclusive or not available.

'NHSE National Guidance for post-COVID syndrome assessment clinics' Page 4: ''1. Purpose The purpose of this document is to provide commissioning guidance on the development of a specification to assist local healthcare systems to establish post-COVID assessment clinics for patients experiencing long-term health effects following COVID-19 infection. Clinics will offer physical, cognitive and psychological assessments with the aim of providing consistent post-COVID syndrome services for all who need them, whether they were hospitalised or not and 'regardless of whether clinically diagnosed or by a SARS-CoV2 test'.''

Cardiovascular
Christine A’Court, Mayooran Shanmuganathan, Juan Carlos Leoni-Moreno. COVID-19 and cardiac considerations in the community. British Journal of General Practice 2020; 70 (700): 524-525. DOI: 10.3399/bjgp20X713141

Pugh R. (12 August 2020) Long COVID and Inflammation: A Cardiologist's Expert View. Medscape. Available from: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/935488

Puntmann V. O. et al. (2020) Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).JAMA Cardiologydoi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3557 Available from: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2768916

Dixon H. (21 July 2020) Pathophysiology of COVID-19: Myocarditis. Journal of Anaesthesia Practice Available from: http://japractice.co.uk/2020/07/pathophysiology-of-covid-19-myocarditis/13680

Dweck, M. R. et al. (18 June 2020) Global evaluation of echocardiography in patients with COVID-19.EuropeanHeart Journal –Cardiovascular Imaging; 2020,21,9 pg949-958 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa178Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/article/21/9/949/5859292

Bakker, J.(13 July 2020) Heart scans could lead to better treatment for patients in hospital with coronavirus. British Heart FoundationAvailable from: https://www.bhf.org.uk/what-we-do/news-from-the-bhf/news-archive/2020/july/heart-scans-abnormal-in-covid-19

Akhmerov, A. Marbán, E. (7 April 2020) COVID-19 and the Heart. Circulation Research; 2020;126 pg 1443-1455 doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317055 Available from: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317055

Dysautonomia
Dysautonomia resources

Endocrinology
[https://pmj.bmj.com/content/96/1137/412 Agarwal S., Agarwal S.K. (11 June 2020) Endocrine changes in SARS-CoV-2 patients and lessons from SARS-CoV. Postgraduate Medical Journal 2020;96:412-416. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-137934]

Rubino, F. et al. (12 June 2020) New-Onset Diabetes in Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:789-790 doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2018688

Palmer, C. (27 May 2020) COVID-19 May Cause Subacute Thyroiditis. Medscape

Brancatella, A. et al. (21 May 2020) Subacute Thyroiditis After Sars-COV-2 Infection. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism; 2020,105,7 pg 2367-2370 doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa276

Gastrointestinal
[https://gut.bmj.com/content/69/6/973 Ng, S. C. Tilg, H. (9 April 2020) COVID-19 and the gastrointestinal tract: more than meets the eye. BMJ Gut; 2020, 69 pg. 973-974 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321195 ]

Mental health
[https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(20)30462-4/fulltext Bidirectional associations between COVID-19 and psychiatric disorder: retrospective cohort studies of 62 354 COVID-19 cases in the USA Taquet et al. 2020. The Lancet. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30462-4] Criticisms of the paper: - Not controlled for multiple potential confounding factors - Refers to COVID-19 in general not long COVID specifically, includes intensive care patients?

Neurology
Avindra Nath, Bryan Smith Neurological issues during COVID-19: An Overview, Neuroscience Letters,2020, 135533, ISSN 0304-3940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135533.

R. W. et al. (8 July 2020) The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: clinical, radiological and laboratory findings. Brain; awaa240 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa240

[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41582-020-0368-9 Hartung, H-P. Aktas, O. (22 May 2020) COVID-19 and management of neuroimmunological disorders. Nature Reviews Neurology; 16, pg 347–348(2020)] doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-020-0368-9

[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/08/warning-of-serious-brain-disorders-in-people-with-mild-covid-symptoms Sample, I. (8 July 2020) '''Warning of serious brain disorders in people with mild coronavirus symptoms. The Guardian''' ]

Ellul, M. A. et al. (2 July 2020) Neurological associations of COVID-19 The Lancet Neurology; 19,9 pg 767-783 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30221-0

Thromboembolic
Dhawan, Ranju T et al. Beyond the clot: perfusion imaging of the pulmonary vasculature after COVID-19 The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Volume 0, Issue 0